Improvement in breech-ioading tire-arms



A. MULLER.

BREE-OH LOADING FIREARMS.

Patented May 24 ALO YSEMULLER, O'F PARIS, .FR-ANGE.

Letters Patent No. 103,488, dated May 24, 1870.

IMPROVEMENTIN BRQBECH-IDADING FIRE-ARMS.

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

To all whom it may concern j Be it known that I, ALOYSE MULLER, of the city of Paris, in the Empire of France, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Breech-loading Fire-Arms; and I do'hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description ofthe same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings form ing part of this specification, and-in which-.-

Figure 1 represents a longitudinal 'vertical section of a breech-loading fire-arm constructed in accordance with my invention, showing the parts in full lines in position for .fi.ring, and in dotted lines in the-act of withdrawing the'shelL;

Figure 2 represents a plan of the same, correspondin with fig. l.

digure 3 is a transverse section on the line xx; an

Figure 4 is a detached sectional view of the extractor.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several figures.

This invention relates to breech-loading fire-arms, in which the movable breech consists ot'a bolt or plunger, workin'gin line with the barrel.

It consists in a novel. combination of and mode of applying trigger and sere, whereby great security against accidental discharge is obtained.

' The invention is applicable to fire-arms in which the breech-receiver is formed within the barrel itself, or to those in which the breech-receiver consists of a separate piece, into which the barrel is screwed or. otherwise secured.

The drawing, which I will now proceedto describe, represents a gun with the breech receiver composed of a separate piece.

A is a gun-stock of ordinary construction, to which. the breech receiver B is firmly attached. This breechreceiver is bored centrally throughout, the front portion of its bore being larger than the diameter of the cartridge, but the rear portion of it being of-reduced size.

In the upper part of thisbrcech-receiveris an opening, at v, fig. 3, for the introduction of the cartridges for loading, and into this opening there is fitted the cover D, which is hinged, at a, to the rear end of the receiver, and the front portionof which is capable of The ends of this breech are fitted with caps of, the rear ca e, being made flush with the outer peripherical surface of the breech, while the front-cap, f, is-

made of a diameter equal to that of the flange of the cartridge used, and'is provided on its upper surface with a. reinforce qr flange, g, of a size to he even with the outer surface of the breech-receiver.

The said capsar e bored centrally, as shown at e' in fig. 1, for the passage of the firing-pin 1".

The breech E is connected, ate in the rear of the flange g, by a rod, j, with the cover D, ata point, 1), near the hinge a, the connections at c and 7) consisting of hinges or pin-joints.

, The firin'gpin is made to' fit easily within the bore in the forward part of the breech E, and is furnished,

on its rear part, with a collar, h, which fits the larger; bore in the rear part of the breech.

This firing-pin is also provided, at its rearend, with a tail-pieceyi, which passes through and fits the hole. 0 in cap e'of the breech,- when thelatter isforc'd into position-to close .the chamber, and the firing-pin Fis cocked. The front portion ofthe firing-pin is greatly reduced in diameter, to enable it to pass through the hole f to explode the cartridge.

' G is a spiral main-spring, placed behind-the -firingpin F, in the rear portion of thejbreech E, to operate said firing-pin.

H is a shell-extractor, made in the form of one-half of a tube which has been divided longitudinallypand having short flanges, 7; k, turned inside on its ends. The inside diameter of this extractor is equal to the outside diameter of the flange of ,the cartridge.

Said extractor slides inside the forward portion of the breech-receiver'fland isallowed to enter the enlarged end of the chamber 0'.

Ii-is'. the sore, which is made in the shape of a pis-.

ton, having both ends flattened sidewise.

This sere works vertically or perpendicularlyto the bore of the gun in a tube, 8, formed on the triggerguard plate.

Its upper .end is allowed to pass up through the slot d provided in the under side of tbebreech E, to en-' gagewith thcproject-ion h, on the collar hof the firing-pin I".

Its lower end protrudes through the'exterior of the guard-plate, and'is there connected with the trigger J, by means of the pin 1, upon which the trigger'works.

' A spiral springyna is placed within the tube 3 and around the sore below the shoulder t, provided upon the latter, forces the latter up through theslot d as far as. necessary to holdthefiring-pm- F back when the arm is loaded. I

The operation of this fire-arm is as follows:

To insert the cartridge, the cover I), which is pro- 'rided on its right-hand side with a spring button or knob, D, is raised by taking hold of the latter, and, in being lilted up, is caused by its lever-like action on the rod j, todraw back the breech far-enough to-allow the freeinsertion of the cartridge into the breech-receiver, so'that the flange of the cartridge rests on the extractor inside of the flange k. By this drawing back of the breech, the firing-pin E has also been drawn back far enough for its projection, h, to pass the 's ere,'

, forcing forward the breech E, which clamps the flange of the cartridge between it and the flange k of the extractor. H, and thus forces the cartridge home into the chamber 0' in line with'the axis of the bore of the barrel. By the act of forcingforward the breech while the firlng-pin is held back by the sere, .the maiuj-sprin g is contracted, so as to exercise suiiicient .power on the firing-pin 'as soon and securely locked by the spring knob, as shown in. full lines in fig. 1, the arm is ready for firing- After the discharge of the arm, the cover D is raised -again, when the shoulder f',:on the cap f, strikes the flange'k of the extractor H, and draws the latter away from the chamber and the cartridge with .it, the flange as the latter, is relieved by the action of the trigger J When the cover is fully down of the cartridge being inside of the flange 16 of the extractor.

To take the action of the recoil, which occurs .whcn

the powder is exploded, oi! the hinges a b c, and prevent thecover D from being blown up, said hinges are so arranged'as tribe in line when the corer is down, but above the axis of the bore of the barrel, and slightly inclined toward the same,=so that the recoil would rather have'a' tendency'to close the cover if it was not fully down, than to. blow it open.

Cheeks n. 'n, formed on the rear part of the breechreceirer, against which the cover D closes when down,

take the recoil wholly 0d the hinges a b c.

To guard against accidental discharges, the trigger J can be thrown up, as shown in dotted lines in fig. 1,,

whereby it is more securely protected against being caught. The spring m still exercises pressure enough on the trigger when in that position so as to hold it fast enough to resist considerable pressure.

, What I claim as my invention. and desire to be seeuredby Letters Patent, is

The combination of the sere I, 'sere-s priug m, and trigger J, the whole arranged and operating in relation with each other and with the firing-pin, substantially as herein described.

' AL. MULLER.

Witnesses PH. Gnu'rz, E. Benno'r, F; Oncorr. 

